Adapting+the+Web

=//__Adapting the Web (Accessibility)__//=

=__Introduction__= Keeping with Accessibility in Mind- Video 11 min. 30 sec.

=__Legality__= Legal Questions (Disabled Access Laws) Whether disabled access laws apply to a website depends on who owns and operates the site and the type of services the site provides.

Government(Federal)- Yes (Section 508 of the Federal Rehabilitation Act) Private Sector/Commercial- generally yes, depends on type of service it provides (American with Disabilities Act) - subscriber only websites(treated like a private club)- No - site providing access to physical public accommodations (movie theater) - Yes - site without a connection to a physical place (amazon.com, AOL)- ?

=__Auditory__= The key principle of web accessibility for users with auditory disabilities is:
 * Important **
 * 1) **Perceivable:** because they cannot perceive (hear) auditory content

Types of Auditory Disabilities
__Degrees of Hearing Loss__ - Mild, Moderate, Severe, Profound __Classifications of Hearing Loss__ - High or Low Tone, Neural

Key Concepts: Auditory Disabilities
Captioning the Web Google Engineer works to caption the web. He and his team have created automatic captioning for a handful of educational channels on YouTube. It's not perfect as their could be up to 10 percent error which critics say could easily change the meaning of the content. Also, Google is working to make it easier for people to upload captions of their own.
 * Challenges || Solutions ||
 * Audio is unusable || * Provide transcripts for audio clips.
 * Provide synchronous captioning and transcripts for video clips ||
 * Provide synchronous captioning and transcripts for video clips ||

World Caption A video that introduces a Macintosh program, developed by UW-Madison, to add caption to any Quicktime compatible video. =__Visual__= The key principal of web accessibility for users with a visual impairment is: 1. **Perception:** becuase they cannot percieve (see) visual content.
 * Important**

Types of Visual Impairments: __Legal Blindness__ - a condition in which the best corrected visual acuity is 20/200, or less, or the person's visual field is 20 degrees or less __Low Vision__ -common among the elderly __Color-blindness__ -important to be aware of when designing web content

navigationa menues...etc.) ||
 * Key concepts: Visual Impairments**
 * Challenges || Solutions ||
 * A mouse may not be used || Create keyboard alternatives ||
 * Images, photos and graphics are not usable || Provide text descriptions in alt text. ||
 * Screen readers are often used to listen to web pages || Allow users to skip over unneccesary information (long lists,
 * Other considerations:** frames, tables and graphs, use of color, and use of links

Web Accessibility This website is from the American Foundation for the Blind and offers many tips and ideas on how to improve webpages, blogs and other internet based media accessible for the visually impaired. -alternative text -label structure -label links
 * view your site without graphics

Braille Technology Videos and text provide a variety of braille options for the blind.

media type="youtube" key="wQT9yVeu_js" height="344" width="425" =__Motor__= The key principle of web accessibility for users with motor disabilities is:
 * CBS News - Internet Access for the Blind
 * Important **
 * 1) **Operable:** because not everyone can use a mouse, click on small links, or operate dynamic elements effectively

//Types of Motor Disabilities//
__Traumatic Injuries__ - spinal cord injury - loss or damage of limb(s) __Diseases and Congenital Conditions__ - cerebral palsy -arthritis -parkinson's disease

Key Concepts: Motor Impairments

 * Challenges || Solutions ||
 * Users may not be able to use the mouse. || Make sure that all functions are available from the keyboard (try tabbing from link to link). ||
 * Users may not be able to control the mouse or the keyboard well. || Make sure that your pages are error-tolerant (e.g. ask "are you sure you want to delete this file?"), do not create small links or moving links. ||
 * Users may be using voice-activated software. || Voice-activated software can replicate mouse movement, but not as efficiently as it can replicate keyboard functionality, so make sure that all functions are available from the keyboard. ||
 * Users may become fatigued when using "puff-and-sip" or similar adaptive technologies. || Provide a method for skipping over long lists of links or other lengthy content. ||

Assisstive Technologies
- mouth stick - head wand - single switch access - sip and puff switch - oversized trackball mouse - adaptive keyboard - eye tracking - voice recognition software - and many more

Tools for Mobility Tools for students with mobility impairments and brain injuries are included on this site. Two videos: Voice recognition and MI are also available.

=__Teacher Resources__= Teacher Tap - Special Needs and Technology Internet Special Education Software Edutopia AT

=__Web Accessibility Evaluation Tools__= Wave W3.org